Late 2nd – early 1st cent. BC: Antiochus I is born.
69 BC: He succeeds his father Mithridates on the throne of the Commagene kingdom. Third Mithridatic War. Antiochus sides with Rome, adopting the title ‘Philorhomaios’, thus freeing Commagene from Armenian control.
64 BC: Pompey renews Rome’s ‘friendship’ with Antiochus, recognising his royal title and affirming his power within his dominion; he also cedes to him the city of Seleuceia in Mesopotamia.
62 BC: Possible date for the commencement of the construction of the mausoleum at Nemrut Dağ.
53 BC: Roman legions cross Commagene in order to strike into Parthia. Intermarriages with the Parthians, starting with the marriage of Antiochus’ daughter, Laodice, to Orodes II of Parthia.
51 BC: Antiochus I acts again in favour of Roman interests, warning Cicero of the imminent threat posed by the Parthian army advancing through his dominion.
50 BC: The Romans defeat the Parthians.
48 BC: Roman civil war. Antiochus I sides with Pompey, thus winning the affirmation of his powers by Caesar.
47 BC: Antiochus I meets Caesar in Syria, when the latter is marching against Pharnaces II.
43 BC: Antiochus I offers help to the Parthians.
38 BC: Following the defeat of the Parthians, the Romans take measures against all those who had collaborated with them; Antiochus’ capital city of Samosata is besieged.
38/7 or 34 BC: Possible dates for Antiochus’ I death.