Changes in land ownership during the Roman period |
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Cistophoric were called the silver coins based on the four-drachma coin (tetradrachm) of 10-12 gr, which had a half-open knitted basket with an emerging snake on the front side and two snakes twisted around a quiver on the verso. Τhey came into circulation by the king of Pergamon, Eumenes II (197-159 BC), and flooded western Asia Minor from the second half of the 2nd century BC until the Roman period. |
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Coinage changes in Asia Minor during the 3d century AD |
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The socioeconomic conditions of the 3rd century AD led the emperors to a series of monetary reforms with a view to maintaining their power and confronting the barbaric raids on the northern and eastern borders of the empire. Important coinage changes were made during Septimius Severus’ reign, a policy followed by his son, Caracalla, and his successors. The first crucial reform was made by Aurelian, whereas the final change of the monetary system was made during Diocletian’s reign. |
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Coinage of minor Hellenistic kingdoms |
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The coin issues launched by the kings of Pergamum, Bithynia, Pontus and Cappadocia played a significant role in the circulation pool in Asia Minor and they supplemented effectively the major numismatic issues struck by the Seleucids and by Lysimachus. The best-dated series, the silver coinage in the name of Mithradates VI Eupator, indicate that the bulk of coinage was intended to finance troops, yet most troops were not paid in coin. |
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Commercial routes of Aegean-Asia Minor (Antiquity) |
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Counterfeit Strong Currency in Antiquity |
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Customs in Asia Minor (Antiquity) |
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Customs duties were a sufficient source of income for the Roman state. The most important find helping the study of customs, which often operated in Asia Minor harbours, is an inscription found in Ephesus, known as “lex portorii provinciae Asiae”. The inscription is associated mainly with the customs of the province of Asia, although it provides valuable information about other neighbouring areas as well. |
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The first electrum coins (gold and silver alloy) were cut in the kingdom of Lydia or in the Greek city-states of Asia Minor during the 2nd half of the 6th c. BC. Such coins continued to be minted until the 4th c. BC in certain towns of Asia Minor although most of them were already using silver coins. |
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Gold coinage of Asia Minor before Alexander the Great |
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Grain agriculture and trade in Asia Minor (antiquity) |
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